SYstems for COnversion of MOtions and REnewable ENergies Solar thermoelectric PHRSD
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HYPERTHERMAL TRAP OF THE DIRECT SOLAR RADIANCE (PHRSD)

1. Principles of working 2. Performances and examples of applications  3. Respect of the specifications




1. General principles


The invention appears in the helio-thermo-electric path, and more especially in the thermodynamic solar energy.

The thermoelectric power plants have all chosen the way of the concentration of the solar radiance to reach the high temperatures, necessary to have an effective thermomechanical cycle of conversion of the collected solar energy.

However, these temperatures (about 600°C) are not sufficiently high to fulfill the high thermomechanical output known in the thermal power stations
(50% and until 60% in combined cycle) whose hot source is generally at more of 1000°C thanks to the use of very exothermic fuels (coal, oil, gas, nuclear fission).

The present invention prolongs the principle of the parabolic or cylindro-parabolic mirrors. However, in some cases, the geometry of these mirrors is perfected, and the means of conversion of the solar radiance in heat are distinctly different of the current art :

1. 
The place of focusing of the radiance collected by the mirror constitutes the entry of an energy confining surrounding wall (ECE)
    whose particular geometry gives it some anti-emissive
properties.

2. The
focused radiance (4) engulfs itself in this cavity where it is progressively absorbed thanks to 2 different ways :
 
       o with multiple and partially absorbing reflections  and diffusions on the walls of the cavity (7,9,10),
       o during its course between 2 successive impacts on the walls (7,9,10) of the cavity when this one is filled by an absorbing component

Caractère focal du miroir & placement de l'enceinte ECE  Formes paraboliques de révolution focales & impact généré le plan focal
Focal character of the miroirplacement of the ECE surrounding wall parabolic Shapes of revolution focal distance & impact generated the focal plan

Variante de formes paraboliques de révolution focales à paramètre r0 non nul
Vary focal distance from parabolic shapes of revolution to parameter non hopeless r0


2. The energy confining surrounding wall , key-of-arch of the PHRSD

The surrounding walls' anti emissive properties are gotten :

        - by the possibility to close completely the surrounding wall by a valve (26) when the sun disappears,

        - by physico-chemical components, set down on or between the walls, able to absorb and to keep strongly the infrared radiance of a black body at a few thousands of Kelvin,

        - with a geometry of the surrounding wall maintaining all luminous rays inside the (ECE) with even hundreds of absorbing reflections before they have their first opportunity to go out of the energy confining room.

It is this last point that is crucial for the anti-emissive character of the surrounding wall (ECE). The best anti-emissive geometries can be notably of three types :
        TYPE 1: parabolic or appreciably parabolic surfaces, with disconcerted focusing points (of preference) and with preferably aligned optic axes, one of long focal distance (9,9A,9B), the other of short focal distance (10,10A,10B) :
                    - Concave / concave, or,
                    - Concave / convex
defining an " afocal cavity (6,6A,6B)"

Geometric, progressive and irretrievable trapping of the parallel rays to the axis of the parabolas
concave /concave afocal cavityGeometric, progressive and irretrievable trapping of the parallel rays to the axis of the parabolas
Concave / concave afocal cavity

concave/convexe afocal cavity           
concave / convex afocal cavity                general situation of an ECE: (12) insulations by the emptiness, mirrors (11) blocking infrared radiance inside the cavity

        TYPE 2: "anti-return passageways " (7,7A,7B) : increasing section in the sense of entry of the focused rays 


        TYPE 3: combination of the two previous: at least one anti-return passageway (7) with at least one " afocal cavity (6)"
an anti-return passageway connecting to an« afocal cavity » (6)


3. Conversion in heat

The walls (9,10,16A,16B) of the energy confining surrounding wall (ECE) imposes, as well to the captured rays that those re-emitted by the thermal radiance, of very numerous absorbing reflections before having the geometric possibility to escape. Typically, these walls can be achieved in steel or in heat-resistant materials.

Thanks to these hundreds of partially absorbing reflections, it is possible to convert progressively the solar light into heat at very high temperature (several thousands of °Celsius).


A thermodynamic machine (32) can be mounted up to the contact of the cavity (6) in order to extract the heat for producing mechanical work with the cold source constituted by the atmosphere or the outside soil, according to a thermodynamic motor cycle of Brayton-joule, steam, Stirling...




Flexible heat storage with re-raising container placed under the PHRSD

The uses of the thus gotten heat are notably :
- ecological ovens at very high temperatures,
- chemical and thermical thermolysis plants
-various thermodynamic cycles to produce a mechanical work, then electricity via a generator
.


As shown on the Fig. 13A, the thermodynamic machine (32) can be go up also on soil (20) under the condition to bring him the heat collected in the energy confining surrounding wall (ECE) by a circulating fluid in very insulated hoses (27).

The device to convert heat into electricity will be advantageously a SPRATL engine.

The bottom of the opposite schema (13A) illustrates  the thermal storage in one re-raising container whose thermal insulation uses the principles already designed for the energy confining surrounding wall (ECE).

With this approach, the storage can be important with a few hundreds of kilograms of materials with strong thermal capacities: water, sand, stones, specific fluids...


It opens the possibility to use at will the energy storeed in diurnal period with a simple, efficient and little expensive principle.










4. Diagram summarizing the working of the energy confining surrounding wall


General princip of the PHRSD's working

Illustration created amiably and well stocked grâcieusement, by Toto65, forumeur éconologiste


5. Patent and detailed documentation


Only in French at this time...

The demanding reader or wishing merely better to understand the relevance of the PHRSD concept will be able to consult

- the scientific note describing in detail the outputs of the PHRSD 
(fully in English !)with a fine physical modelling of its energy exchanges.

- the PHRSD patent without the claims,

- the nomenclature,

And the different families of faces:

- faces 1A to 1G and fig2 :   relative to the parameters of impact of the direct solar radiance on a mirror,
                                        and to the generic conception of the energy confining surrounding wall (ECE)


- faces 3A to 3B : relative to the general arrangement of the mirror, its focal properties and the integration of the ECE surrounding wall

- faces 4A to 4I : relative to the parabolic shapes of revolution and focal distance, and the impact generated by the rays in the focal plan

- faces 5A to 5F :
relative to the parabolic possible extruded focal shapes and the impact generated by the rays in the focal plan

- faces 6A to 6I :
relative to the spherical shapes of revolution and focal distance, and the impact generated by the rays in the focal plan

- faces 7A to 7F :
relative to the spherical possible extruded focal shapes and the impact generated by the rays in the focal plan

- faces 8A to 8H : relative to the different shapes to give to the entry of the energy confining surrounding wall (ECE)

- faces 9A to 9D : relative to the focusing of the different solutions of mirror collector according to the 
mathematical parameter r0

- faces 10A to 10G : relative to the different shapes of 
anti-return passageways favorable to the confinement of the rays collected

- faces 11A to 11Q : relative to the different afocal anti-emissive cavities combined to examples of 
anti-return passageways

- faces 12A to 12D ; relative to the main elements of the hyperthermal trap of the direct solar radiance

- faces 13A to 13B: relative to variants of the trap, notably with thermal storage of the energy and Stirling engine.

- faces 14A and 14B :  relative respectively to the variants "bi anti-émissive
high temperature oven" (notably for thermolysis...)
                                 and to the
hybrid variant  with solar photovoltaïc and solar concentration.

- faces 15A to 15D : relative to the
optimum arrangements to constitute "efficient and ecological solar fields"

-
The entire zip
you can also consult the expositions and discussions (in French) on :

Forum éconologie of the PHRSD

Forum Oléocène of the PHRSD


Recall of the summary of this page :



1. Principles of working 2. Performances and examples of applications  3. Respect of the specifications
SYstems for COnversion of MOtions and REnewable ENergies Solar thermoelectric PHRSD
Concept
The OPALE photovoltaic power plants To know us & to contact us
Back to the main menu