FAQ
of the Golf GTE'85 PLUS
Frequently
asked questions
|
2523 driven kilometers
with a small tank of 40L with SP95 up to 2650 km ! Consumptions * Gasoline SP95 : 1,5 L/100 km * Electricity : 9.8 kWh/100 km Real costs for 100 km : * Fuel : 1,5 L/100 km x 1.50 €/L = 2.25 € * Electricity : 9.8 kWh x 0.20 € kWh = 1.96 € Total : 4,21 € / 100 km
Consumptions for 100 km : * in full gasoline mode : 6 L/100 km en E10 * en full electric mode : 15 kWh/100 km CO2 emissions are divided by a factor 4 : with a renewable electricity, we get :
6
L/100
km
1,5 L/100km Hypotheses : 6 L/100 km de SP95, Overconsommation de 15% en E85 also to see : 04/08/2020
|
Financial savings done, regarding the conventional SP95 at 1,50 € /L for 6 L/100km :
2523 km x (1.5 €/L x 6 L/100km - 4.21 € /100km) = 120.85 €
|
4839 km driven with
only 2,1 L/100 km of E85 !
Consumptions : * Fuel : 2,1 L/100 km * Electricity : 9.6 kWh/100 km Real costs for 100 km : * Fuel : 2.1 L/100 km x 0.57 €/L = 1.20 € * Electricity : 9.6 kWh x 0.20 €/kWh = 1.92 € Total : 3,12 € / 100 km
Consumptions for 100 km : * in full E85 mode : 6.5 L/100 km * in full electric mode : 15 kWh/100 km Financial savings done, regarding the conventional SP95 at 1,50 € for 6 L/100km : (1.50 €/L x 6 L/100km - 3.12 € /100km) x 4839km = 284.68 € CO2 emissions are divided by a 10 factor, by assuming that the E85 is producing 3 times less CO2 than the SP95 for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we get : 9.95 To read also : 22/03/2021 |
6
L/100
km
0.33 * 2.6 L/100km /1.15 Hypotheses : 6 L/100 km of SP95, overconsumption of 15% with E85 |
4642 km driven with
only 2,6 L/100 km of E85 ! Consumptions : * Fuel : 2,6 L/100 km * Electricity : 10.7 kWh/100 km Real costs for 100 km : * Fuel : 2.6 L/100 km x 0.57 €/L = 1.48 € * Electricity : 10.7 kWh x 0.20 €/kWh = 2.14 € Total : 3,62 € / 100 km
Consumptions for 100 km : * in full E85 mode : 6.5 L/100 km * in full electric mode : 15 kWh/100 km Financial savings done, regarding the conventional SP95 at 1,50 € for 6 L/100km : (1.50 €/L x 6 L/100km - 3.622 € /100km) x 4642km = 249.65 € CO2 emissions are divided by a 8 factor, by assuming that the E85 is producing 3 times less CO2 than the SP95 for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we get : 8.04 To see also : 12/01/2021
|
6
L/100
km
0.33 * 2.6 L/100km /1.15 Hypotheses : 6 L/100 km of SP95, overconsumption of 15% with E85 |
4808 km driven with
only 3,3 L/100 km of E85 ! Consumptions : * Fuel : 3,3 L/100 km * Electricity : 10.2 kWh/100 km Real costs for 100 km : * Fuel : 3.3 L/100 km x 0.48 €/L = 1.58 € * Electricity : 10.2 kWh x 0.20 €/kWh = 2.04 € Total : 3,62 € / 100 km
Consumptions for 100 km : * in full E85 mode : 6.5 L/100 km * in full electric mode : 15 kWh/100 km Financial savings done, regarding the conventional SP95 at 1,40 € for 6 L/100km : (1.40 €/L x 6 L/100km - 3.62 € /100km) x 4808km = 229.82 € CO2 emissions are divided by a 6 factor, by assuming that the E85 is producing 3 times less CO2 than the SP95 for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we get : 6.33 to see also : 29/10/2020
|
6
L/100
km
0.33 * 3.3 L/100km /1.15 Hypotheses : 6 L/100 km of SP95, overconsumption of 15% with E85 |
At the dawn of the 1980s, Briggs and Stratton, famous manufacturer of small reliable and robust gasoline engines intended for various applications with stationary mode, wishes to diversify by mounting its machines in hybrid cars. Indeed, the average power to move a car at normal driving speeds is between 10 and 20 kW (approximately 15 HP to 30 HP). We can therefore design a stationary motor of reduced power which constantly supplies an electric battery and / or an electric generator ; these last equipments will then be able to provide the peak power which is seldom required by driving (up to several hundred horsepower). The idea was therefore to create a two-cylinder gasoline electrogenerator of 18 HP - 694 cc and to add a battery pack to the rear axle of the vehicle. At this old time, the lead-acid batteries' technology was heavy, and this 500 kg pack could only offer approximately 30 to 60 miles (50 to 100 km). To support this weight, the engineers had the idea of doubling the rear axle, giving a very original and a little futuristic appearance of a 6-wheel car, but this special feature was not absolutely necessary. This car was developed with great intelligence and limited means (only $ 250,000 at the time), using bodywork components from Ford (Pinto model) and Volkswagen (Scirocco model). The heat engine was coupled directly to the electric motor by a clutch. The result was an astonishing demonstrator which was particularly ahead of its time. The very classic mechanical architecture towards the rear wheels, included a 4-speed gearbox, a longitudinal transmission shaft, and finally a differential on the propelling axle. If the technical elements have become obsolete today (heavy battery and lack of power of the electric motor), their proposed set is still relevant (preferably with a gearbox with only 2 gears, including 1 in direct drive) : the predominantly electric hybrid vehicle with a range extender ( preferably using renewable electricity and fuels ! ). |
|
Car
Actuated by Triple Hybrid Integration - CATHI (2010) To learn more about the hybrid architectures To learn more about the energy issues and the transportations |
Additional ressources about the HYBRID car by Briggs & Stratton How Stuff Works Hagerty Motor1 Blog Consumer Guide Passionautos Sixmania |
4877 km driven with
only 2,6 L/100 km of E85 ! Consumptions : * Fuel : 2,6 L/100 km * Electricity : 8.9 kWh/100 km Real costs for 100 km : * Fuel : 2.6 L/100 km x 0.48 €/L = 1.25 € * Electricity : 8.9 kWh x 0.20 €/kWh = 1.78 € Total : 3,03 € / 100 km
Consumptions for 100 km : * in full E85 mode : 6.5 L/100 km * in full electric mode : 15 kWh/100 km Financial savings done, regarding the conventional SP95 at 1,35 € for 6 L/100km : (1.35 €/L x 6 L/100km - 3.03 € /100km) x 4877km = 247.26 € CO2 emissions are divided by a 8 factor, by assuming that the E85 is producing 3 times less CO2 than the SP95 for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we get : 8.04 To see also : 23/08/2020
|
6
L/100
km
0.33 * 2.6 L/100km /1.15 Hypotheses : 6 L/100 km of SP95, overconsumption of 15% with E85 |
4707 driven km with
only 2,7 L/100 km of E85 ! Consumptions : * Fuel : 2,7 L/100 km * Electricity : 8.1 kWh/100 km Real costs for 100 km : * Fuel : 2.7 L/100 km x 0.48 €/L = 1.30 € * Electricity : 8.1 kWh x 0.20 €/kWh = 1.62 € Total : 2,92 € / 100 km
Consumptions for 100 km : * in full E85 mode : 6.5 L/100 km * in full electric mode : 15 kWh/100 km Financial savings done, regarding the conventional SP95 at 1,30 € /L for 6 L/100km : (1.30 €/L x 6 L/100km - 2.92 € /100km) x 4707km = 229.70 € CO2 emissions are divided by a 8 factor, by assuming that the E85 is producing 3 times less CO2 than the SP95 for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we get : 7.74 To read also: 10/06/2020
|
6
L/100
km
0.33 * 2.7 L/100km /1.15 Hypotheses : 6 L/100 km of SP95, overconsumption of 15% with E85 |
2158 driven kilometers
with only 1 small tank of 40L with E85 up to 2178 km ! Consumptions : * Ethanol : 1,8 L/100 km * Electricity : 9.4 kWh/100 km Real Costs for 100 km : * Fuel : 1,8 L/100 km x 0.48 €/L = 0.87 € * Electricity : 9.4 kWh x 0.20 € kWh = 1.88 € Total : 2,75 € / 100 km
Consumptions for 100 km : * in full E85 mode : 6.5 L/100 km * in full electric mode : 15 kWh/100 km CO2 emissions are divided by a 11 factor, by assuming that the E85 is producing 3 times less CO2 than the SP95 for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we get : 11.61
6
L/100
km
0.33 * 1,8 L/100km /1.15 Hypotheses : 6 L/100 km of SP95, Overconsumption of 15% with E85 |
Financial savings
done,
regarding the conventional SP95 at 1,30 € /L for 6 L/100km :
2158 km x (1.3 €/L x 6 L/100km - 2.75 € /100km) = 108.98 € to see also : 09/06/2020
|
4111 driven kilometers
with only 1,5 L/100 km of E85 ! Consumptions : * Fuel : 1,5 L/100 km * Electricity : 11.4 kWh/100 km Real Costs for 100 km : * Fuel : 1.5 L/100 km x 0.48 €/L = 0.72 € * Electricity : 11.4 kWh x 0.20 €/kWh = 2.28 € Total : 3,00 € / 100 km
Consumptions for 100 km : * in full E85 mode : 6.5 L/100 km * in full electric mode : 15 kWh/100 km Financial savings done, regarding the conventional SP95 at 1,30 € /L for 6 L/100km :(1.30 €/L x 6 L/100km - 3.00 € /100km) x 4111km = 197.33 € CO2 emissions are divided by a 14 factor, by assuming that the E85 is producing 3 times less CO2 than the SP95 for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we get : 13.94 To see also : 08/03/2020 and: 09/06/2020
|
3192 kilomètres
parcourus
avec un seul petit plein de 40L en E85 jusqu'à 3333 km ! Consumptions : * Ethanol : 1,2 L/100 km * Electricity : 11.9 kWh/100 km Real costs for 100 km : * Ethanol: 1,2 L/100 km x 0.48 €/L = 0.58 € * Electricity : 11.9 kWh x 0.20 € kWh = 2.38 € Total : 2,96 € / 100 km
Consumptions for 100 km : * in full E85 mode : 6.5 L/100 km * in full electric mode : 15 kWh/100 km CO2 emissions are divided by a 17 factor, by assuming that the E85 is producing 3 times less CO2 than the SP95 for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we get : 17.42 :
6
L/100
km
0.33 * 1,2 L/100km /1.15 Hypotheses : 6 L/100 km of SP95, Overconsumption de 15% of E85 to see also : 16/10/2019
|
Financial savings
done,
regarding the conventional SP95 at 1,30 € /L for 6 L/100km
3192 km x (1.3 €/L x 6 L/100km - 2.96 € /100km) = 154,49 €
|
Financial savings done, regarding the conventional SP95 at 1,45 € /L for 6 L/100km (1.45 €/L
x
6 L/100km - 3.445 € /100km) x 5160 km = 271.16 €
CO2
emissions are
divided by a 7 factor,
by assuming that the E85
is producing 3 times less CO2 than the SP95
for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we
get : 6,74 :
6
L/100
km
0.33 * 3,1 L/100km /1.15 Hypotheses : 6 L/100 km of SP95, Overconsumption of 15% with E85 To see also : 12/12/2019
|
5160 driven kilometers with
only 3,1 L/100 km of E85 ! |
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LR
PERFORMANCE Southwestern (near Albi-Toulouse) 32 rue de Magny Cours, 81600 Montans +33-5-63-55-76-67 |
LR
PERFORMANCE Southeastern (near Marseille) +33-9-52-34-53-26 5 Chemin de la Desserte, 13240 Septèmes-les-Vallons |
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LR
PERFORMANCE Middle of France (near Clermont Ferrand) Rue de Chambussière, 63430 Pont-du-Château +33-4-73-83-67-93 |
LR
PERFORMANCE
Paris' area (near Rambouillet) ZA de Bel-Air la Forêt, Rue Bernard Bataille, 78125 Gazeran +33-5-63-55-76-67 |
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On March 1st, 2020, the LR PERFORMANCE network is gathering 4 main centers (above) and 426 reprogramming workshops throughout France. |
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Official Website of LR Performance and its Facebook's page |
Conversion into GTE85 in the Montans's workshop : 20/12/2016 Census of the Golf GTE85 : 15/06/2019 |
As the ethanol is produced from beets or wheat, it allows to decrease by 50/65% the CO2 emissions. The leaders and spokespersons only talk about electric cars, but the superethanol E85 seems to become the fuel for the common people. Some independant drivers obtain excellent results while burning E85. We can cite the well-documented examples of the Volkswagen Golf
GTE85 or the Toyota Prius. |
|
Traductions / Übersetzungen / Traducciones To see also 13/12/2018 | 29/12/2016 |
To compare the GTE with the R?
No, seriously ?? Let's go , I fix it ! The R is a sporty car, easy driving, and hard to put in default. It moves like on rails, sticked to the road, and follows the curves without difficulty at speeds that we dare not imagine. The motricity is perfect too, with its 4 wheel drive. But it is not a sliding-game car, it's reassuring sportiness. I think we're having more fun with a GTI. For the GTE , to be a sporty car is not his vocation, it is already penalized by the weight of the batteries, but the location of them offers it a reliable behavior in dynamic driving, despite the lack of sport chassis, and its behaviour is much better than on a classic Golf 7 (clearly less roll in curves, it turns with almost flat axles). But it is not for sportsmanship that we adopt the GTE, it is better go to a GTI for this aim, which is cheaper to buy (and in my opinion, a sporty car must have a mechanical gearbox, which is not available with a GTE). With the R, you enjoy with a smile as soon as you turn the key, but you cry while visiting the stations for gasoline ... I got 12L / 100 km on average. As I am driving 45 000 km / year, it was an impressive budget with the SP98 at 1.60 € / L : 720 € / month only for the fuel ... With the GTE 85, you always smile while filling the tank ; my fuel budget (E85 + electricity) collapsed to less than 100 € / month. In addition, there are other savings : with the R, 4 tires were used every 3 months, or 16 tires per year. With the GTE, 4 tires are enough for 6 months, either 8 tires a year. Thanks to the B mode (regenerative braking), we call very little for the brakes while anticipating, and the brake pads remain in good state : they are almost new after 80 000 km. |
In summary !
Such a GTE which has been reprogrammed for the E85 is for me the perfect compromise between driving pleasure and optimized budget. If I want to break records of low consumption, I enjoy eco-driving and can make 2.5L / 100 km with the E85. If I want (or need for the work) to change for a dynamic motion, I switch to GTE mode and I got true driving pleasure, but the consumption is raising and exceeds 14L / 100 km. This car is really Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. SYCOMOREEN's commentaries : this itinerant nurse, a lover of sports car, has been inspired by the GTE85 PLUS prototype, to meet the best compromise for both professional and personal activities. |
The flexfuel reprogramming
performed by LR
Performance has been reused and even improved to reach a
235 HP engine, almost as much as a Golf GTI Performance.
The E85 is for him both a financial and ecological advantage to power
the vehicle, which can also stay in electric mode for short trips. We wish him a lucky road
! |
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To read also : the opinion of Greta THUNBERG |
5325 km driven with
only 2,6 L/100 km of E85 ! Consumptions : * Fuel : 2,6 L/100 km * Electricity : 9.1 kWh/100 km Real costs for 100 km : * Fuel : 2,6 L/100 km x 0.55 €/L = 1.43 € * Electricity : 9.1 kWh x 0.20 €/kWh = 1.82 € Total : 3,25 € / 100 km
Consumptions for 100 km : * in full E85 mode : 6.5 L/100 km * in full electric mode : 15 kWh/100 km Financial savings done, regarding the conventional SP95 at 1,52 € /L for 6 L/100km : (1.52 €/L x 6 L/100km - 3.25 € /100km) x 5325km = 312.58 € CO2 emissions are divided by a 8 factor, by assuming that the E85 is producing 3 times less CO2 than the SP95 for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we get : 8.04 To read also
: 19/09/2019
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2158 driven kilometers
Consumtions :from a full tank with only 40L of E85 until 2158 + 10 + 41 = 2209 km * Fuel : 1,7 L/100 km * Electricity : 9.9 kWh/100 km Real costs for 100 km : * Fuel : 1,7 L/100 km x 0.52 €/L = 0.88 € * Electricity : 9.9 kWh x 0.20 € kWh = 1.98 € Total : 2,86 € / 100 km
Real consumptions for 100 km : * in full E85 mode : 6.6 L/100 km * in full electric mode : 15 kWh/100 km CO2 emissions are divided by a 12 factor, by assuming that the E85 is producing 3 times less CO2 than the SP95 for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we get : 12.30
6
L/100
km
0.33 * 1,7 L/100km /1.15 Hypotheses : 6 L/100 km of SP95, Overconsumption of 15% with E85 to see
also : 07/10/2018
|
Financial savings
:
2158 km x (1.5 €/L x 6 L/100km - 2.86 € /100km) = 132,50 €
in comparison with the conventional SP95 at 1,5€ /L and 6L/100km : |
Financial saving, in comparison with the conventional SP95 at 1,50 € /L for 6 L/100km : (1.5 €/L x
6 L/100km - 3.24 € /100km) x 4995 km = 287.51
€
CO2 emissions are
divided by a 6.5 factor,
by assuming that the E85
is producing 3 times less CO2 than the SP95
for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we
get : 6.53
6
L/100
km
0.33 * 3,2 L/100km /1.15 Hypotheses : 6 L/100 km of SP95, overconsumption of 15% with E85 |
4995 driven kilometers with
only 3,2 L/100 km of E85 ! |
|
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SYCOMOREEN
is happy to publish
the results of experiences in real conditions with his hybrid electric-flexfuel prototype since 2,5 years and 50 000 km. The achieved performances are especially awesome and demonstrate the relevance to develop the plug in hybrid E85-Electricity vehicles in France with an approach for the Sustainable Development : * 52 118 km have been driven for 1000h at an average speed of 52 km/h * Average consumptions : - 2,66 L/100 km of E85 - 8,29 kWh/100km of electricity * Costs / 100 km : 2,86 €/100km of what : - 1,50 € / 100 km of E85, and - 1,36 € / 100 km of electricity * 3116 € of savings on the energy (about 310 € / 5000 km). * 5.99 €/100 km have been saved in comparison with SP95 gasoline. * CO2 emissions have been divided by 7,94 * 6 569 kg of CO2 have been kept in comparison with the use of fossile fuel. You can access to the summary table (Excel) by clicking on the picture below ; |
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To see also : 14/05/2019 | Results after the 1st year of practices with the Golf GTE85+ |
5001 km driven with
only 2,2 L/100 km of E85 ! Consumptions : * Fuel : 2,2 L/100 km * Electricity : 9.3 kWh/100 km Real costs for 100 km : * Fuel : 2,2 L/100 km x 0.55 €/L = 1.21 € * Electricity : 9.3 kWh x 0.20 €/kWh = 1.86 € Total : 3,07 € / 100 km
Consumptions for 100 km : * in full E85 mode : 6.5 L/100 km * in full electric mode : 15 kWh/100 km Financial savings done, regarding the conventional SP95 at 1,55 € /L for 6 L/100km : (1.55 €/L x 6 L/100km - 3.07 € /100km) x 5001km = 311.56 € CO2 emissions are divided by a 10 factor, by assuming that the E85 is producing 3 times less CO2 than the SP95 for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we get : 9.50 To read also : 09/03/2019
|
The
Golf
GTE85 PLUS has got its technical check, Tuesday, April 16th,
2019, without any detected failure. The results about the
quality
of
combustion are especially good (the used fuel was approximately a mix
with 50% of ethanol and 50% of gasoline) : - CO (carbon monoxyde) at low RPM : 0.08% (standard < 0,3%) - CO with average RPM : 0.06% (standard < 0.2%) - richness (lambda coefficient) : 1.025 (tolerated range : from 0,97 to 1,03) Thanks to the reprogramming of LR Performance, the exhaust gases are clearly few polluting and the carburation is rich enough ; this is confirmed by the state of the spark plugs which were seen in march. The results may have been even better with the exclusive use of E85 Fuel. |
|
4853 km driven with only
3,3 L/100 km of E85 ! Consumptions : * Fuel : 3,3 L/100 km * Electricity : 8 kWh/100 km Real Costs for 100 km : * Fuel: 3,3 L/100 km x 0.56 €/L = 1.85 € * Electricity : 8 kWh x 0.18 €/kWh = 1.44 € Total : 3,29 € / 100 km
Real consumptions for 100 km : * in full E85 mode : 6.5 L/100 km * in full electric mode : 15 kWh/100 km Financial savings done, regarding the conventional SP95 at 1,50 € /L for 6 L/100km : (1.5 €/L x 6 L/100km - 3.29 € /100km) x 4853 km = 277.11 € CO2 emissions are divided by a 6 factor, by assuming that the E85 is producing 3 times less CO2 than the SP95 for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we get : 6.33 To read also : 20/12/2018
|
On the left, the 4 spark plugs of the Golf GTE after the
flexfuel reprogramming of a 1.4L TSI made by LR
PERFORMANCE.
45 000 km were powered in electric mode. The engine has burned gasoline for approximately 10 000 km, then has used Ethanol85 for 20 000 km. The spark plugs have some features which are showing an optimal richness : the ceramic is pearlescent and light brown, the metallic electrode is clean and is covered by a normal patina. To see the color chart of spark plugs according to the characteristics of carburation |
|
to see also : 20/12/2016 |
5122 km driven with only
2,7 L/100 km of E85 ! Consumptions : * Fuel : 2,7 L/100 km * Electricity : 8.2 kWh/100 km Real Costs for 100 km : * Fuel: 2,7 L/100 km x 0.58 €/L = 1.56 € * Electricity : 8,2 kWh x 0.18 €/kWh = 1.48 € Total : 3,04 € / 100 km
Real consumptions for 100 km : * in full E85 mode : 6.5 L/100 km * in full electric mode : 15 kWh/100 km Financial savings done, regarding the conventional SP95 at 1,55 € /L for 6 L/100km : (1.55 €/L x 6 L/100km - 3.04 € /100km) x 5122 km = 320.63 € CO2 emissions are divided by a 8 factor, by assuming that the E85 is producing 3 times less CO2 than the SP95 for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we get : 7.74 To read also : 28/09/2018
|
2019 driven kilometers
from a full tank with only 40L of E85 until 2019 + 10 + 14 = 2043 km Consumptions : * Fuel : 2,0 L/100 km * Electricity : 8.3 kWh/100 km Real Costs for 100 km : * Fuel : 2,0 L/100 km x 0.58 €/L = 1.16 € * Electricity : 8.3 kWh x 0.18 € kWh = 1.50 € Total : 2,66 € / 100 km
Real Consumptions for 100 km : * with full Ethanol85 mode : 6.5 L/100 km * with full electric mode : 15 kWh/100 km CO2 emissions are divided by a 10 factor, by assuming that the E85 is producing 3 times less CO2 than the SP95 for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we get 10.45 :
6
L/100
km
0.33 * 2,0 L/100km /1.15 Hypotheses : 6 L/100 km of SP95, overconsumption of 15% in E85 also to
see : 01/11/2017
|
Financial savings :
2019 km x (1.55 €/L x 6 L/100km - 2.66 € /100km) = 134,06 €
regarding the conventional SP95 at 1,55 € /L and 6L/100km : |
5155 km driven with only
2,8 L/100 km of E85 ! Consumptions : * Fuel : 2,8 L/100 km * Electricity : 7.4 kWh/100 km Real Costs for 100 km : * Fuel: 2,8 L/100 km x 0.58 €/L = 1.62 € * Electricity : 7,4 kWh x 0.18 €/kWh = 1.33 € Total : 2,95 € / 100 km
Real consumptions for 100 km : * in full E85 mode : 6.5 L/100 km * in full electric mode : 15 kWh/100 km Financial savings done, regarding the conventional SP95 at 1,55 € /L for 6 L/100km : (1.55 €/L x 6 L/100km - 2.95 € /100km) x 5155 km = 327.34 € CO2 emissions are divided by a 7 factor, by assuming that the E85 is producing 3 times less CO2 than the SP95 for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we get : 7.5 To read also
: 12/07/2018
|
The Porsche 919 EVO breaks the 32
years old lap record !
with its hybrid prototype LMP1 at the Nürburgring circuit This car already won 3 times the 24h of Le Mans from 2015 to 2017. In this last evolution, it has been improved especially for the Nürburgring without limit on the flow of fuel. Thus the power of this 4 cylinders in V of 2 liters raises from 500 Ch to 720 ch, in addition, the hybridization brings up to 440 ch more. With a reduced mass of 849 kg, the rate mass/power is 0,73 kg/Ch. And thanks to a further optimized aerodynamics, the hybrid Porsche 919 EVO has cleared the lap in 5 minutes, 19 seconds et 55 hundredths. Average speed of 233,8 km/h, and max measured speed for this record lap : 369,4 km/h. |
683 km driven with only
6,4 L/100 km of E85 ! Consumptions : * Fuel : 6,4 L/100 km * Electricity : 0,5 kWh/100 km Real Costs for 100 km : * Fuel: 6,4 L/100 km x 0.58 €/L = 3.71 € * Electricity : 0,5 kWh x 0.18 €/kWh = 0.09 € Total : 3,80 € / 100 km
Real consumptions for 100 km : * in full E85 mode : 7 L/100 km * in full electric mode : 16 kWh/100 km Financial savings done, regarding the conventional SP95 at 1,55 € /L for 6 L/100km : (1.55 €/L x 6 L/100km - 3.80 € /100km) x 683 km = 37.56 € CO2 emissions are divided by a 3 factor, by assuming that the E85 is producing 3 times less CO2 than the SP95 for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we get : 3.26 To read also : 01/07/2018
|
4957 km driven with only
2,7 L/100 km of E85 ! Consumptions : * Fuel : 2,7 L/100 km * Electricity : 7.4 kWh/100 km Real Costs for 100 km : * Fuel: 2,7 L/100 km x 0.58 €/L = 1.57 € * Electricity : 7,4 kWh x 0.15 €/kWh = 1.11 € Total : 2,68 € / 100 km
Real consumptions for 100 km : * in full E85 mode : 6.5 L/100 km * in full electric mode : 15 kWh/100 km Financial savings done, regarding the conventional SP95 at 1,50 € /L for 6 L/100km : (1.50 €/L x 6 L/100km - 2.68 € /100km) x 4957 km = 313.28 € CO2 emissions are divided by a 5 factor, by assuming that the E85 is producing 2 times less CO2 than the SP95 for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we get : 5.11 To read also
: 19/05/2018
|
Consumptions
: * Fuel : 5 L/100 km * Electricity : 1,4 kWh/100 km Real costs for 100 km : * Fuel: 5 L/100 km x 0.58 €/L = 2,90 € * Electricity : 1,4 kWh x 0.15 €/kWh = 0,21 € Total : 3,11 € / 100 km
Consumptions for 100 km : * in full E85 mode : 6.5 L/100 km * en full electric mode : 15 kWh/100 km Financial savings done, regarding the conventional SP95 at 1,50 € /L for 6 L/100km : (1.50 €/L x 6 L/100km - 3.11 € /100km) x 298 km = 17.55 € CO2 emissions are divided by a 3 factor, by assuming that the E85 is producing 2 times less CO2 than the SP95 for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we get : 2.76 |
|
6
L/100
km
0.5 * 5 L/100km /1.15 Hypotheses : 6 L/100 km with SP95, overconsumption of 15% witth E85 Also to see
: 15/02/2018
|
3
months ago, a statement of TOYOTA
Japan
mentioned the development of "the world's
first flexfuel hybrid car" (FFV: FlexFuel Vehicle) based
on a not plugin Toyota Prius. The
famous car manufacturer explains that "the
FFV hybrid is a new powertrain that Toyota is developing with
an
aim to popularize Hybrid Electric Vehicles in Brazil and contribute to
the environment through reduction of CO2 emissions". Sycomoreen
can only welcome this good initiative which is gathering many
university partners and state agencies in Brazil. However,
it must be remembered that this "FFV" car
is not the first in the world
because : 1 °) the electronic central unit of the Toyota Prius which are already on the market are able to enrich up to + 30% the fuel mixture thanks to the oxygen sensor : many Prius are already driving with E85 in France without any change. 2 °) The Golf GTE85 PLUS which has been developed by Sycomoreen and LR Performance in december 2016 is an obvious anteriority of FFV vehicle : it is moreover a plugin and more powerful hybrid vehicle. According to the acronym which is proposed by Toyota, the GTE85+ is even a PHEFFV (Plug-in Hybrid Electric FlexFuel Vehicle). The recent prototype by TOYOTA is certainly a positive step, but is neither a real novelty, nor a technological breakthrough : it is a simple fitting of the carburation on a car which is equipped with the Hybrid Synergy Drive (HSD) ; this powertrain has been already developed for 2 decades , all too often with a non-rechargeable battery on the power grid, and / or with a capacity which is too weak to allow commuting paths. |
The
Hybrid Flex technology is "towards
the future"
; amazing,
but this car is neither the first of this type, nor the most powerful !-) Forum Prius Touring Club (PTC France) Forum Hybrid Life (France) |
Archive
of the publication by TOYOTA
Japan Archive [Multilanguage] of the statement by TOYOTA Japan |
To read also about this topic : 01/10/2017 01/06/2017 |
5143 km driven with only
2,6 L/100 km of E85 ! Consumptions : * Fuel : 2,6 L/100 km * Electricity : 7.9 kWh/100 km Real Costs for 100 km : * Fuel: 2,6 L/100 km x 0.58 €/L = 1.51 € * Electricity : 7,9 kWh x 0.15 €/kWh = 1.19 € Total : 2,70 € / 100 km
Real consumptions for 100 km : * in full E70 mode : 6.5 L/100 km * in full electric mode : 15 kWh/100 km Financial savings done, regarding the conventional SP95 at 1,50 € /L for 6 L/100km : (1.50 €/L x 6 L/100km - 2.70 € /100km) x 5143 km = 324.01 € CO2 emissions are divided by a 5 factor, by assuming that the E70 is producing 2 times less CO2 than the SP95 for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we get 5.30 : To read also : 01/03/2018
|
5465 km driven with only
2,8 L/100 km of E85 ! Consumptions : * Fuel : 2,8 L/100 km * Electricity : 8.6 kWh/100 km Real Costs for 100 km : * Fuel: 2,8 L/100 km x 0.56 €/L = 1.57 € * Electricity : 8.6 kWh x 0.15 €/kWh = 1.29 € Total : 2,86 € / 100 km
Real consumptions for 100 km : * in full E65 mode : 7 L/100 km * in full electric mode : 17 kWh/100 km Financial savings done, regarding the conventional SP95 at 1,45 € /L for 6 L/100km : (1.45 €/L x 6 L/100km - 2.86 € /100km) x 5465 km = 319.16 € CO2 emissions are divided by a 5 factor, by assuming that the E65 is producing 2 times less CO2 than the SP95 for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we get 4.92 : To read also : 15/11/2017
|
6
L/100
km
0.5 * 2,8 L/100km /1.15 Hypotheses : 6 L/100 km of SP95, overconsumption of 15% in E65 |
362 driven kilometers
Consumptions : * Fuel : 5,7 L/100 km * Electricity : 1.1 kWh/100 km Real costs for 100 km : * Fuel : 5,7 L/100 km x 0.56 €/L = 3.19 € * Electricity : 1.1 kWh x 0.15 €/kWh = 0.17 € Total : 3,36 € / 100 km
Real consumptions for 100 km : * in full electric mode : 17 kWh/100 km * in full E65 mode : 6.3 L/100 km Real cost of the trip : 362 km x 3.36 €/100 km = 12.16 € Financial savings done with this little trip, regarding the conventional SP95 at 1,4 € /L for 6 L/100km : 362 km x (1.4 €/L x 6 L/100km - 3.36 € /100km) = 18,24 € To see also : 01/12/2017
|
Powered by SYCOMOREEN with photovoltaic electricity and agrofuel Ethanol85 Average consumption : 2,5 L/ 100 km of E85 8,5 kWh/ 100 km of electricity for 23 000 driven kilometers Kilometer costs : Fuel: 2.5 x 0.55 = 1.375 € / 100km Electricity: 8.5 x 0.15 = 1.275 € / 100km TOTAL: 2,65 € / 100 km Savings in comparison with a gasoline Golf : 5,75 € / 100 km x 23000 km = 1322,5 € with CO2 emissions divided by 8 ! |
|
To read the script of the video |
Syngas is a fuel gas mixture consisting primarily of dihydrogen(H2), carbon monoxide(CO), and very often some carbon dioxide(CO2). The name comes from its use as intermediates in creating synthetic final products. Syngas is usually a product of gasification and the main application is electricity generation. Syngas is combustible and often used as a fuel of internal combustion engines. Syngas can be produced from many sources, including natural gas, coal, biomass, or virtually any hydrocarbon feedstock, by reaction with steam (steam reforming), carbon dioxide (dry reforming) or oxygen (partial oxidation). Syngas is a crucial intermediate to get methanol, and other synthetic hydrocarbon fuels, like Ethanol, and further synthetic petroleum via the Fischer–Tropsch(FT) or the Mobil methanol to gasoline (MTG) process. | |
Useful
links about this topic :
National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL - US Department of Energy) Report of Assemblée Nationale n°1169 du 19 juin 2013 (France) : Biomass to serve a sustainable development. Gasification (Wikipedia) Fischer Tropsch process (Wikipedia) Methanol to Gasoline (MTG by ExxonMobil) Enerkem's Facility from urban wastes to Ethanol |
|
To see also : agricultural impacts of the Golf GTE85+ |
There
are 18
millions hectares of arable land
in France. If 1% of this area were devoted
to the agro-ethanol, it would represent 180,000 hectares. A
Golf 7 Multifuel (NON HYBRID) which is consuming 6.6 L / 100 km of E85
and traveling 15000 km / year, requires an arable surface of 1235
m² (assumption 75 tonnes per hectare). As
1 ha = 10 000 m², 1% of the French arable agricultural area
can therefore promote 180000 * 10 000/1235 = 1 457 489 cars. About 1.5 million flexfuel cars.
The hybridization of the Golf GTE85 + can consume 3 times less, while saving the precious biofuel for small daily trips that are provided with additional electricity. Thus
4.5 millions Golf GTE85 + at 2.2L / 100 km of E85 would be sustainable
9% of the land would cover even the entire 38 millions of cars and light utility vehicles in France (<5 tonnes excluding buses and trucks) if they were adapted like the GTE85+. There are other perspectives for the bioalcohols (Methanol & Ethanol) through the gasification of organic wastes. |
|
The future of the sugar beets in France : Towards 100 tons per hectare ! To see also about this topic : | 01/10/2017 01/01/2018 |
146 driven kilometers
Consumptions : * Fuel : 5,3 L/100 km * Electricity : 3.5 kWh/100 km Real costs for 100 km : * Fuel : 5,3 L/100 km x 0.55 €/L = 2.92 € * Electricity : 3.5 kWh x 0.15 €/kWh = 0.52 € Total : 3,44 € / 100 km
Real consumptions for 100 km : * in full electric mode : 17 kWh/100 km * in full E85 mode : 7 L/100 km Real cost of the trip : 146 km x 3.44 €/100 km = 5.02 € CO2 emissions are divided by a 4 factor, by assuming that the E85 is producing 3 times less CO2 than the SP95 for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we get 3.95 :
6
L/100
km
0.33 * 5,3 L/100km /1.15 Hypotheses : 6 L/100 km with SP95, overconsumption of 15% with E85 |
Financial savings done with this little trip, regarding the conventional SP95 at 1,4 € /L for 6 L/100km 146 km x (1.4 €/L x 6 L/100km - 3.44 € /100km) = 5,75 € To see also : 15/11/2017 |
321 driven kilometers
Consumptions : * Fuel : 5,6 L/100 km * Electricity : 1.3 kWh/100 km Real costs for 100 km : * Fuel : 5,6 L/100 km x 0.55 €/L = 3.08 € * Electricity : 1.3 kWh x 0.15 €/kWh = 0.20 € Total : 3,28 € / 100 km
Real consumptions for 100 km : * in full electric mode : 17 kWh/100 km * in full E85 mode : 7 L/100 km Real cost of the trip : 321 km x 3.28 €/100 km = 10.53 € CO2 emissions are divided by a 4 factor, by assuming that the E85 is producing 3 times less CO2 than the SP95 for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we get 3.73 :
6
L/100
km
0.33 * 5,6 L/100km /1.15 Hypotheses : 6 L/100 km with SP95, overconsumption of 15% with E85 |
Financial savings done with this little trip, regarding the conventional SP95 at 1,4 € /L for 6 L/100km 321 km x (1.4 €/L x 6 L/100km - 3.28 € /100km) = 16,45 € To see also : 01/11/2017 |
Financial savings on this full tank, regarding a conventional use of SP95 at 1,4 € /L and 6 L/100km (1.4 €/L x 6 L/100km - 2.63 € /100km) x 5334 km = 307.77 € CO2 emissions are divided by a 9 factor, by assuming that the E85 is producing 3 times less CO2 than the SP95 for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we get 8.71 :
6
L/100
km
0.33 * 2,4 L/100km /1.15 Hypotheses : 6 L/100 km with SP95, overconsumption of 15% with E85 To see also : 03/09/2017
|
5334 driven kilometers
with only 2,4 L/100 km of E85 ! |
2000 driven kilometers
from a full tank with only 40L of E85 until 2000 + 20 + 45 = 2045 km Consumptions : * Fuel : 2,0 L/100 km * Electricity : 8.9 kWh/100 km Real Costs for 100 km : * Fuel : 2,0 L/100 km x 0.55 €/L = 1.10 € * Electricity : 8.9 kWh x 0.13 € kWh = 1.16 € Total : 2,26 € / 100 km
Real Consumptions for 100 km : * with full Ethanol85 mode : 6,6L/100 km * with full electric mode : 15 kWh/100 km CO2 emissions are divided by a 10 factor, by assuming that the E85 is producing 3 times less CO2 than the SP95 for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we get 10.45 :
6
L/100
km
0.33 * 2,0 L/100km /1.15 Hypotheses : 6 L/100 km of SP95, overconsumption of 15% in E85 also to
see : 07/05/2017
|
Financial savings :
2000 km x (1.4 €/L x 6 L/100km - 2.26 € /100km) = 122,80 €
regarding the conventional SP95 at 1,4€ /L and 6L/100km : |
An unprecedented
experience with the Golf
GTE85+ ; a trailer has been driven for a trip with 1 stere of wood.
About 500 kg of rolling mass and without significant aerodynamic
obstacle. Dry road,
22°C of temperature. The
following results are coming from it :
* 4 L/100 km of E85, and * 8.3 kWh/100 km of electricity If this trip would have been done only with fuel, we would have : 4L/100 km + 8.3 kWh/100 km x (6.6L/100 km / 15 kWh/100km) = 7.65L / 100 km.
If this trip would be powered with electricity, we would have : 8.3 kWh + 4L/100 km x (15 kWh/100km / 6.6L/100 km) = 17.4 kWh/100 km
It is showing an increase of the consumption by
16% in comparison with the average recorded needs (15
kWh/100 km and 6.6L/100
km of E85). Once again,
the advantages of hybridization are appearing here, which
are allowing a strong power of towing and a long range for the trip
with the easiness to fill the tank of fuel anywhere. No 100% electric vehicle
is able to offer such a serenity for a towing job. The costs for this trip are :
8.3 kWh x 0.15 €/kWh + 4L/100 km x 0.55€/kWh = 3,45 €/100km And by restricting the calculation with the 67 driven kilometers : 3.45 € x
67km / 100km = 2,3
€
|
|
CO2 emissions are divided by a
factor 6 =
6.96
L/100
km 0.33 * 4 L/100km /1.15 Hypotheses : 1.16 x 6 = 6.96 L/100 km with SP95, +15% en E85 |
To see also about this topic : 03/09/2017 15/05/2017 Tow hitch The Wood Logs [French] |
SPECIFIC
CALCULATIONS OF THE GTE85+
The Golf GTE85+ is yearly driving 15 000 km and consuming 2,5 L/100 km of E85. Thus it is needing 2,5 L/100 km x 150 000 km = 375 L. However, the E85 is containing only 85% of ethanol, therefore, the yearly consumption is 375 L x 85/100 = 318,75 L, we will estimate that at 320 L of ethanol by year. The density of ethanol is 789 kg/m3 ; it means that the Golf GTE85+ is using 789 kg/m3 x 0.32 m3 = 252,48 kg of alcohol. In France, the industrial sugar plants are producing about 75 kg of ethanol from 1000 kg of beets. Thus, the GTE85+ is requiring 1000 kg(beets) x 252.48 kg(ethanol) / 75 kg(ethanol) = 3366,4 kg of beets ; we will value that at about 3.5 Tons of Beets. Finally, still in
France, the beets' harvest is 74,8 tons by hectare (10
000 m²). It means that the GTE85+ is requiring an agricultural
area of
10 000 m² x 3,5 T / 74.8 T = 468 m², what is equal to a
square with a side of 22 m in a sugar beets' yard
(about 500 m²).
|
THE
FRENCH SITUATION
In France, we have less than 1% of the
French usable agricultural surface, either 300 000 hectares to
produce some
bioethanol and its food co-products.
With a look on these data, one is
understanding that « the
production of
bioenergies from cultures is not threatening the food supply
». Already in July 2016, a report written by the IFPRI
(International
Food Policy Research Institute) was agreeing with these ideas ; it has
been achieved with the collaboration of the World
Bank.
The Institute
is precising that
« the
incitative policies to
produce biofuels could have a positive effect on the food
security with a very strong benefit if they are well designed
». The report is also insisting on the non-competition
in
farming surfaces of food with biofuels. It is even recommending to use « flex cultures
» which are able to supply both bioenergies (notably
biofuels) and food with other co-products.
France, a country of excellence
in agricultural
production, has all the incentives to develop its paths for biofuels ;
in this goal, some tax benefits already support
the
SP95-E10, and especially the E85
path.
|
OTHER
HYPOTHESES
If the GTE85+ could burn the
E100, it would need 468 / 0.85 = 550 m², thus one
will notice that a
square with a side of
24 m which is cultivated with beets would supply enough
100% renewable fuel for the GTE85+.
If the GTE85+ would burn ONLY some E85 and never be reload on the electric grid, the impact would be greater because the consumption would raise to 6,6 L/100 km au lieu de 2,5 L/100 km of E85 : 6,6 / 2,5 x 468 m² = 1235 m², either a square with a side of 35 m. Then it is inescapable to hybridize the vehicule to decrease the farming consequences, by allowing to drive all commuting paths with renewable electricity. Moreover, such a car is polluting much less in the urban areas by moving with the the 100% electric mode. |
AT
THE WORLDWIDE SCALE
According to FranceAgriMer,
the raw
world surface which is dedicated for biofuels is reaching less than 1 %
of the usable agricultural surface.
It is even decreasing until 0,61 % if we are taking in account the co-products which are coming back to feed the animals. The FARM (Fondation pour l’Agriculture et la Ruralité dans le Monde) or the FAO (Food & Agriculture Organization - United Nations) are confirming that « the strict opposition between food and biofuels is out of date because we can achieve to produce jointly both biofuels and enough food ». However, the purely mercantile and uncontrolled development of crops (and this is not limited to agrofuels) has to be prevented, such as ensuring that tropical forests are not destroyed to grow sugarcane (ethanol) or the oil palm for biodiesel. |
Sources Biofuels and food security HLPE June 2013 [pdf ; 3,7 Mo] Reconciling food security and bioenergy: priorities for action IFPRI Sugar-beet, Yields and Products : Tereos.com lesucre.com labetterave.com |
Also
to see : Bioéthanolcarburant.com [Link 1] [Link2] 03/09/2017 12/03/2017 24/12/2016 Summery interlude of 2017 |
5610 driven kilometers
with only 2,6 L/100 km of E85 ! Consumptions : * Fuel : 2,6 L/100 km * Electricity : 8.5 kWh/100 km Real Costs for 100 km : * Fuel : 2,6 L/100 km x 0.55 €/L = 1.43 € * Electricity : 8.5 kWh x 0.15 € kWh = 1.28 € Total : 2,71 € / 100 km
Real Consumptions for 100 km : * with full Ethanol85 mode : 6,6 L/100 km * with full electric mode : 15 kWh/100 km Financial savings,
regarding the conventional SP95 at 1,4 € /L and 6 L/100km :
(1.4 €/L x 6 L/100km - 2.71 € /100km)x 5610 km = 319.21 € To see also : 22/05/2017
|
CO2 emissions are divided by a 8 factor, by assuming that the E85 is producing 3 times less CO2 than the SP95 for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we get 8.04 :
6
L/100
km
0.33 * 2,6 L/100km /1.15 Hypotheses : 6L/100 km of SP95, overconsumption of 15% with E85 |
Ethanol'85, also
known as Superethanol
or E85 in France, contains 65-85% of agro-ethanol (produced from
sugarcane, cereals or from sugar beet) and it is mixed with 35-15% of
unleaded gasoline (Supercarburant 95 or 98). Commercially
highly competitive, the E85 is more and more attractive for the
customers. Designed for gasoline engines, this fuel requires
modifications* in carburation to increase the volumes of
fuel which is burnt in the engine ;
E85 indeed requires between 15 and 20% of additional volume to deliver
the same energy compared to the unleaded gasoline (SP95 or
98).
Depending on the vehicle, these modifications* are of several types : the installation of additional kits, or the reprogramming of the calculator, or the change of the nozzles on the old engines with carburetor. Agro-Ethanol is also incorporated into the SuperCarburant in a proportion of 10% by volume (the SP95-E10). The SP95-E10 is compatible with almost all gasoline cars without any modification*. In France, the SP95-E10 is even leading to the disappearance of the "pure" SP95 at the service stations. In 2016, nearly 100 millions of E85 liters have been sold in France, it represents 1% of the gasoline market, but the trend is on the rise. Indeed, the E85 savings are about 500 €uros for 12 000 driven kilometers. At present, more than 850 fuel-stations in France are offering the distribution of biofuel E85. |
SYCOMOREEN
is proposing you this following links to know if you have a nearby
station for your little daily trails, but also to plan the refuelings
of E85 in the set of a long trip in France :
|
* WARNING: Always to get the
advice of a Professional
and to obtain a technical diagnosis about the compatibility of your
engine with the E85 or even SP95-E10: on some vehicles, some parts are intolerant to ethanol,
although the majority of gasoline engines are fitted for it. |
5478 driven kilometers
with only 2,5 L/100 km of E85 ! Consumptions : * Fuel : 2,5L/100 km * Electricity : 8.9 kWh/100 km Real Costs for 100 km : * Fuel : 2,5L/100 km x 0.55 €/L = 1.375 € * Electricity : 8.9 kWh x 0.15 € kWh = 1.335 € Total : 2,71 € / 100 km
Real Consumptions for 100 km : * with full Ethanol85 mode : 6,6L/100 km * with full electric mode : 15 kWh/100 km Financial savings,
regarding the conventional SP95 at 1,4€ /L and 6L/100km :
(1.4 €/L x 6 L/100km - 2.71 € /100km)x 5478 km = 311.70 € To see also : 24/12/2016
|
CO2 emissions are divided by a 8 factor, by assuming that the E85 is producing 3 times less CO2 than the SP95 for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we get 8.36 :
6
L/100
km
0.33 * 2,5 L/100km /1.15 Hypotheses : 6 L/100 km of SP95, overconsumption of 15% with E85 |
Power
& Lithium United by the Sun (PLUS !) To see also : 07/05/2017 |
Above, some information about the situation of the Electricity's French market [Source : Selectra] |
The Golf GTE is a little known good towing car.
Indeed, the G code is 1599 kg
(equipped vehicle with the coupling) while the F3 code (total allowed rolling weight) is worth 3575 kg. In
France, this car can tow 3575 - 1599 = 1976 kg, almost 2 tons with the
required driving license.
|
|
1860 driven kilometers
with a 40L tank of E85 ! Consumptions : * Fuel : 2,2 L/100 km * Electricity : 9.3 kWh/100 km Real costs for 100 km : * Fuel : 2,2 L/100 km x 0.55 €/L = 1.21 € * Electricity : 9.3 kWh x 0.13 €/kWh = 1.21 € Total : 2,42 € / 100 km
Real consumptions for 100 km : * with full Ethanol85 mode : 6,6 L/100 km * with full electric mode : 15 kWh/100 km CO2 emissions are divided by a 10 factor, by assuming that the E85 is producing 3 times less CO2 than the SP95 for the same given energy, and with a renewable electricity, we get 9.5 :
6
L/100
km
0.33 * 2,2 L/100km /1.15 Hypotheses : 6 L/100 km en SP95, Overconsumption of 15% with the E85 |
Financial savings on this full tank, regarding a conventional use of SP95 at 1,4 € /L and 6 L/100km : 1860 km x (1.4 €/L x 6L/100km - 2.42 € /100km) = 111,23 € Also to be seen : 24/12/2016 |
Optimizing
battery sizes of
by :Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV) and Extended Range Electric Vehicles (EREV) for different user types M. Redelbach, E. D. Özdemir, H. E. Friedrich for : the Institute of Vehicle Concepts, German Aerospace Center (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft und Raumfahrt (DLR), Stuttgart, Germany This paper introduces a holistic approach for the optimization of the battery size of PHEVs and EREVs under German market conditions. The assessment focuses on the heterogeneity across drivers, by analyzing the impact of different driving profiles on the optimal battery setup from Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) perspective. The results show that the battery size has a significant effect on the TCO. For an average German driver (15,000km/year), battery capacities of 4 kWh (PHEV) and 6 kWh (EREV) would be cost optimal by 2020. While driver A with low annual mileage (7500km/a) should choose a very small battery capacity of about 2kWh, frequent driver C (30,000km/a) should decide for a considerably higher battery size of about 13kWh in order to minimize his total cost of ownership. Therefore, it is especially important to take the driving profile of the customers into account in order to find the cost efficient powertrain configuration. |
|
The Golf GTE (6,5 kWh) is interesting for the Drivers of Type B on the German market. | Source : Sciencedirect.com Also to see : 24/12/2016 |
Hypothesis of Distance |
Hypothesis of fosil fuel's consumption |
Consumption E85 mixed with
gasoline until 85% |
Consumption of renewable electricity at the electric plug |
saved fossil fuel |
Kilometric costs* 100% gasoline |
Kilometric costs* GTE85 + |
Kilometric costs* with Diesel -
oil 5 - 6L/100km |
Reducing factor of CO2 with GTE'85 + |
500 km and more | 6 L / 100 km | 8 L / 100 km | 1 kWh / 100 km | 5 L / 100 KM | 8 € / 100 km | 5 € / 100 km | 6 €/ 100 km | 2 |
about 100 km | 6.5 / 100 km | 3.5 L / 100 km | 7 kWh / 100 km | 6 L / 100 km | 9 € / 100 km | 3 € / 100 km | 6.5 € /100 km | 4 |
50 km and less | 7 L / 100 km | <0.5 L / 100 km | 18 kWh / 100 km | 7 L / 100 km | 9.5 € / 100 km | 2.5 € / 100 km | 7 € / 100 km | 30 and more |
* Tariffs of January 2017 typically registered in France |
Electricity | E85 (ethanol mixed with gasoline until 85%) | Gasoline (RON95-98) SP95, SP95E10, SP98 |
Oil - Fuel Gasoil |
in €uros (€) | 0,13 € / kWh | 0,6 € / L | 1,35 € / L | 1,2 € / L |
Summary and comments in comparison to a 100% electric vehicle | |
Emissions CO2 |
The global
CO2 emissions are divided by about 2 for the
very long distances, aproximately by 4
on the trips of about
100 km, and by more than 30
for all the displacements under 50 km. That is very important.
In average with
the distributing hypotheses of distances 26-40-33%, the CO2
emissions are collapsing by a factor more than 10.
|
Kilometric costs |
The
GOLF GTE 85 PLUS is offering some kilometric
costs in the interval between 2 and 5 € / 100 km*. If the
average driven distances are 100 km : 3
€ / 100 km ; it is 3
times better than
the same by burning classical gasoline. In any case, it has a
kilometric cost clearly lower than the Diesel-oil, especially on the
short displacements. |
Comparison to a 100% electric vehicle |
La
GOLF GTE 85 PLUS has no problem of insufficient electric range or
failing electric load stations. Such a vehicle is much more versatile
and securing than a 100% electric car with the same advantages
(ecological and economic). It needs less than 10 minutes to be refilled
for 500 km of range. It also permits to tow some trailers / caravans
for long trips. |
About the towing by hybrid and electric vehicles |
The
Volkswagen Golf GTE 85 PLUS offers a retractable
harnessing ; it is
homologated to tow. This is rare for the hybrid vehicles,
and even more for 100% electric ones. Its power and the on-board fuel
are allowing serene travels.
|